In this period, the triumph of democracy, and, under the leadership of Pericles, Athens manages to achieve military and political hegemony of the Greek world. This time, the philosophers are more focused on studying man (anthropocentric). It should be noted, first, the so-called Sophists , and second, Socrates . They used to discuss political issues and others in the & aacute; goras, which used the word (logos) and there was a fight deialéctica.
use rhetoric (the art of the word), and claimed that it was important persuade with words, but not true, since truth is relative, or maybe there .
All sophists have a number of things in common:
1. Its main activity was education. They were the first to charge for teaching and education to make a living.
2. Most of them were foreigners who came from other Greek cities, for that matter, had no political rights and, therefore, were prohibited from participating directly in city politics.
3. They had against the more conservative sectorsers, supporters of the tradicióny of the old forms of government (oligarchy, monarchy).
The word "Sophist" was synonymous with wise, but over time acquired the pejorative sense of "skilled deceiver."
Plato considered the sophists as impostors who hide their ignorance through the verbiage.
Some of the theories of the Sophists are
a) &; Nbsp; Relativism says that there are no absolute truths, that all truth is always relative. There is no difference between truth and what seems truth. The truth is what everyone seems you truth. The same is to be and appear . Protagoras says that the key to knowledge is the view.
b) skepticism, says the truth is impossible. The sophist were convinced that human reason is incapable of providing objective and true knowledge of reality. The language only serves to persuade EMOCionar or convince, but not to express the objective and universal truths.
c) The convention says that the laws (nomos) are the result of social convention, are conventional, there are no universal laws. There is a full view, everyone has their point of view.
d) political empiricism, policy is made through observation of the people, what is good and just the people.
CHTMLto , all of us wisdom. The objective of this phase is to make the pupil puts into question all the things he believed to be safe and confident, and I realize that does not really know what he thought he knew. Is achieved by knocking him into contradictions and arguments questions when answers are thoughtless or inappropriate. When the student recognizes his own ignorance, is ready to embark on the path to truth.
No one does wrong knowingly.
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